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Chemical Engineering
Chemical engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the
application of physical science (e.g. chemistry and physics), with mathematics,
to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or
valuable forms. As well as producing useful materials, chemical engineering is
also concerned with pioneering valuable new materials and techniques; an
important form of research and development. A person employed in this field is
called a chemical engineer.
Chemical engineering largely involves the design and maintenance of chemical
processes for large-scale manufacture. Chemical engineers in this branch are
usually employed under the title of process engineer. The development of the
large-scale processes characteristic of industrialized economies is a feat of
chemical engineering, not chemistry. Indeed, chemical engineers are responsible
for the availability of the modern high-quality materials that are essential for
running an industrial economy.
Applications
Following is an example that illustrates the engineering aspect of chemical
engineering:
"The difference between chemical engineering and chemistry can be illustrated by
considering the example of producing orange juice. A chemist working in the
laboratory investigates and discovers a multitude of pathways to extract the
juices of an orange. The simplest mechanism found is to cut the orange in half
and squeeze the orange using a manual juicer. A more complicated approach that
is found is to peel and then crush the orange and collect the juice.
"A company then commissions a chemical engineer to design a plant to manufacture
several thousand tons of orange juice per year. The chemical engineer
investigates all the available methods for making orange juice and evaluates
them according to their economic viability. Even though the manual juicing
method is simple, it is not economical to employ thousands of people to manually
juice oranges. Thus, another -- cheaper -- method is used (possibly the 'peel
and crush' technique). The easiest method of manufacture on a laboratory bench
will not necessarily be the most economical method for a manufacturing plant."
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